Step-by-Step IVF Treatment: Complete Guide to Your Fertility Journey
Understanding the 5 key stages of IVF, the difference between IVF and ICSI, and when to consider IUI treatment. A comprehensive guide to assisted reproductive technologies.
2. Ovarian Stimulation
Starting on the 2nd or 3rd day of menstruation, hormone medications are administered to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple high-quality eggs. This process is closely monitored through ultrasound scans and blood tests to ensure optimal response.
3. Egg Collection (OPU - Ovum Pick-Up)
When the eggs reach maturity, they are collected under sedation in a 15-20 minute procedure. On the same day, a sperm sample is obtained from the male partner, and the highest quality sperm are selected (using microchip technology if necessary).
4. Embryo Transfer
Between 2-6 days after egg collection, the highest quality developing embryos are placed into the uterus using a thin catheter in a painless procedure. This is a critical moment where science meets hope.
5. Pregnancy Test
Fourteen days after the transfer, a pregnancy test measures the success of the treatment. This waiting period, often called the "two-week wait," marks the culmination of your journey.
IVF vs. Microinjection (ICSI): Understanding Your Options
While both methods achieve fertilization in a laboratory environment, they differ significantly in their application approach.
Classic IVF (In Vitro Fertilization)
In this method, eggs and sperm are brought together in a laboratory dish, and fertilization is expected to occur naturally (spontaneously). This approach is generally preferred for couples without male infertility issues.
Microinjection (ICSI - Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection)
ICSI is a laboratory procedure where a single sperm is directly injected into the egg.
Why Choose ICSI?
ICSI significantly increases success rates in the following scenarios:
- Male infertility cases (low sperm count or motility)
- Previous IVF attempts with fertilization failure
- Use of frozen sperm
- Severe sperm morphology issues
ICSI has revolutionized treatment for male factor infertility, offering hope where natural fertilization may not be possible.
IUI (Intrauterine Insemination): A Simpler Alternative
Insemination is a less invasive assisted reproductive technique evaluated before progressing to IVF treatment. It does not require anesthesia and is performed in an outpatient setting.
How Is IUI Performed?
During the woman's ovulation period, specially prepared sperm (washed and concentrated in the laboratory) are injected directly into the uterus using a catheter.
Who Is IUI Suitable For?
IUI is especially preferred in cases of unexplained infertility. However, for IUI to be successful, the following conditions must be met:
- Open fallopian tubes are essential (verified through HSG or similar tests)
- Sperm count must be above 10 million/ml
- Sperm morphology (according to Kruger criteria) must be above 4%
IUI vs. IVF: Key Differences
- Location of fertilization: In IUI, fertilization occurs inside the mother's body; in IVF, it occurs in the laboratory
- Success rates: IVF typically offers higher success rates per cycle
- Cycle limit: Studies show that performing IUI more than 4 times does not significantly increase pregnancy chances; in such cases, transitioning to IVF treatment is recommended
Your Next Step: Personalized Fertility Care
Every fertility journey is unique. Our expert team is ready to guide you through the process with compassionate, evidence-based care. Contact our specialist team for a free consultation and personalized treatment plan.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is egg retrieval painful?
No, it is performed under light sedation (anesthesia). You will be asleep and feel no pain during the 15-20 minute procedure.
How many eggs do you need for success?
Quality matters more than quantity. While 8-15 eggs are ideal, successful pregnancies are achieved with fewer, high-quality eggs.
What happens if fertilization doesn't occur?
This is rare with ICSI. If it happens, your embryologist will analyze the cause (egg/sperm quality) to adjust the protocol for a future cycle.
Recommended Reading
This information is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Please consult your physician.